From this we can see that the atom is almost completely empty space. The nucleus is made up of quarks. If you can see quarks and electrons up close, they can appear as tiny bright glows of energy. This world, which causes us so many problems and stresses, turns out to be mostly an illusion!
Electrons orbit around the nucleus at nearly the speed of light. Even if you could see them, they might look blurry. It does not rotate on a plane like a picture in a book. they form a shell. Two or more atoms can share electrons and combine to form a molecule.
I take another look at the desk in front of me, and it's pretty solid. In fact, unless the desk is floating in a space with a temperature close to absolute zero, the molecules in the desk vibrate like crazy. Imagine molecules bouncing and colliding like balls on a billiard table.
Anyone who has played billiards knows very well how when a billiard ball hits another billiard ball, the energy is transferred to the second billiard ball. Similarly, when heat causes molecules to vibrate, they transfer energy to each other. This action is called a "lead". Now imagine that your computer's CPU overheated because its designers tried to cram too much power into a small piece of silicon. If you don't remove the heat as fast as it is produced, you will destroy this CPU!
This issue is usually resolved by installing a heatsink on top of the CPU. Thermal conduction moves heat from a hot CPU to a cold heatsink. Air does not conduct heat as well as metal, so apply a thin layer of thermal grease between the CPU and heatsink to fill the gap.
You can see that the heatsink has fins. The fins allow the heatsink to conduct heat to the air adjacent to the fins. Ribs provide more surface area to support your line. Eventually the adjacent air becomes as hot as the heat sink and conduction stops.
If you move the air away from the heatsink, it will bring in heat energy. A fan attached to the heatsink is used to move the air. This type of heat transfer is called convection. Eventually all the air inside the computer case gets hot, so fans are used to force the air out of the computer case.
Heat moved from the CPU to the heatsink, the air inside the case, and the air in the room where you sat at your computer desk. The room starts to heat up and finally the air conditioner is turned on.
You can think of an air conditioner as a "pipe". A fan blows hot air out of the room through fins that transfer heat to the liquid. The liquid is directed to the louvre outside the house. Fan cools outside air through the fins, removing heat from the radiator
